how does culture affect weight loss

What Nobody Tells You About the Dark Side of Weight Loss - Healthline For the most part, the participants in most studies done on the psychological and biological aspects of weight control have been people who sought professional help for obesity or clinical eating disorders. Reviewed by Ekua Hagan. We need to identify robust markers of risk for poor outcomes and determine whether such markers differ by race or ethnicity. Many people are financially stressed in ways that affect their eating habits. For instance, perceived ideal body size for African American women is significantly larger than it is for white women, and African American men are more likely than non-Hispanic white men to express a preference for larger body size in women (45). The socio-ecological model also focuses on interactions between a person's physical, social, and cultural surroundings, and therefore we believe it to be the best approach in efforts to prevent obesity in all ethnic groups. Robinson TN, Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Wilson DM, Matheson DM, Haskell WL, Pruitt LA, Powell TM, Owens AS, Thompson NS, Flint-Moore NM, Davis GJ, Emig KA, Brown RT, Rochon J, Green S, Varady A: Dance and reducing television viewing to prevent weight gain in African-American girls: the Stanford GEMS pilot study. The consensus conference was sponsored by unrestricted educational grants from Campbell Soup Company and GlaxoSmithKline. A major barrier to the treatment of obese children is the lack of insurance reimbursement. Fundamental questions regarding childhood obesity treatments remain and should be a research priority. A thrifty genotype may confer an advantage in an energy-poor environment, which would become disadvantageous in an energy-dense environment because it would predispose to increased accumulation of adipose tissue. Adv Clin Exp Med 2015;24(3):379-383. The significant rise in obesity in children has been accompanied by an increase in the severity of obesity, and there are differences in the degree of obesity among racial groups. The prevalence of dyslipidemia (higher triglyceride and lower HDL cholesterol levels) also increases with obesity in youth. Sometimes combined with the directive move more, this . Globalization, a social process in which the constraints of geography on social and cultural arrangements recede, can affect obesity through the promotion of travel (e.g., migration of populations from low-income to high-income countries), trade (e.g., production and distribution of high-fat, energy-dense food and flow of investment in food processing and retailing across borders), communication (promotional food marketing), the increased gap between rich and poor, and the epidemiologic transition in global burden of disease (40). Additionally, patterns can be specific to race, age, and gender with relationships observed in developed countries. Inadequate reimbursement is a significant barrier to the treatment of obesity in children. Efforts should be made to prevent GDM and low birth weight. Money gives you more control over your life and affords resources such as gym memberships, personal trainers, nutrition counseling, spa visits, and specially prepared foods, all of which can help with weight control. There is still much debate among researchers and health experts on the effects of weight on disease, and there hasnt been enough research on the general population of overweight people to make blanket statements or give clear-cut advice to every individual. Fresh fruit, which is not generally subsidized, is offered in about only one-half of meals in the NSLP (64). 2017;18(suppl 1):3439. Sleep-obesity relation: underlying mechanisms and consequences for treatment. Should You Take Intermittent Breaks From Digital Devices? Atlantis E, Barnes EH, Singh MA: Efficacy of exercise for treating overweight in children and adolescents: a systematic review. . Biological factors and weight loss methods | National Institutes of Culture can influence the utilization of health services, affecting the likelihood that childhood obesity can be prevented or effectively treated in specific ethnic groups. What Is Your Relationship With the Weight-Loss Industry? Katz ML, Gordon-Larsen P, Bentley ME, Kelsey K, Shields K, Ammerman A: Does skinny mean healthy? Perceived ideal, current, and healthy body sizes among African-American girls and their female caregivers. A large 1-year randomized controlled trial was conducted with orlistat in moderately to severely obese adolescents, leading to a net decrease in BMI of only 0.86 kg/m2 compared with placebo (72). 2004. For example, low SES or discrimination by race or ethnicity may result in increased stress. The overall prevalence of obesity in children in the U.S. was 17% in 2004 (6). This is considered by many health experts to be a weight crisis of epidemic proportions. Lupien SJ, King S, Meany MJ, McEwen BS: Child's stress hormone levels correlate with mother's socioeconomic status and depressive state. Community planners need to design and organize communities to maximize opportunities for safe walking or cycling to school, recreational activities, and neighborhood shopping as means to encourage greater physical activity. The panel agrees with the report's call to restrict television advertising of food items of low nutrient density to children. A meta-analysis (61) demonstrated an inverse relationship between the duration of breastfeeding and the risk of becoming overweight. These shared understandings define which types of food are healthy and which are unhealthy. Another study suggested that metformin was more effective for weight loss in white adolescents than black adolescents, perhaps due to differences in insulin secretion and sensitivity (74). A subsequent analysis (7) suggested that the prevalence may have reached a plateau, although further tracking of data will be needed to confirm or refute this. Following presentations by invited speakers and in-depth discussions, a seven-member panel of experts in pediatric endocrinology, cardiology, gastroenterology, nutrition, epidemiology, and anthropology developed this consensus statement on the influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on childhood obesity, addressing the following questions: What are the prevalence, severity, and consequences of childhood obesity across race/ethnicity in the U.S.? These children are disproportionately minority and residents of low-SES areas. For instance, the increasing proportion of the U.S. population describing their race as mixed or other, as well as changes in ethnic self-identification across generations and occasionally even within the same generation, makes it difficult to assign individuals to invariant categories of race or ethnicity. While these relationships are plausible, they are not fully understood. To foster sustainable behaviors, the environments and policies that promote sedentary activities and unhealthy eating must also be addressed. Results. Diet culture is the way that society influences how we eat in an attempt to get us to conform to an ideal image. Airhihenbuwa CO, Kumanyika S, Agurs TD, Lowe A: Perceptions and beliefs about exercise, rest, and health among African-Americans. Sibutramine, an appetite suppressant that inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, is labeled for those age 16 years and older. These twin indexes of parental education and household income levels, however, fail to fully convey the complexities of SES and social class. In fact, some studies show that some extra body fat may be protective against death and disease, even against death from heart disease. In addition, children who have obesity are more likely to have obesity as adults. What are the implications of race/ethnicity on the treatment of childhood obesity? Racial and ethnic differences in resting metabolic rate have been found (33) but may partly be due to differences in fat-free mass or organ mass and have not been shown to account for weight gain over time within populations (34). It is critical from the outset that the physician, parent, and child have mutually agreed upon goals. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details. While ethnic differences in access to services can be attributed to differences in SES (e.g., higher proportions of Latinos lack health insurance or transportation to health care providers), several studies have pointed to differences in use of services even when access is available. There have been dramatic changes in the nutrition and physical activity habits of U.S. children, along with changes in demographics and societal norms, concurrent with the increase in childhood obesity prevalence. The NIDDK would like to thank:Jamy D. Ard, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Wake Forest School of Medicine, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, eat and drink a lot of foods and beverages that are high in, drink a lot of beverages that are high in, spend a lot of time sitting or lying down and have limited physical activity, not getting regular physical activity or being inactive. One possible contributor to racial/ethnic disparities in the metabolic comorbidities of obesity may be related to different patterns of fat distribution. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM: High body mass index for age among US children and adolescents, 20032006. Your culture permeates every aspect of your life, including how much exercise you get and how you view your own body. What if the best diet is none at all? : Life Kit : NPR Some racial and ethnic minority groups are more likely to have obesity. Your culture includes where you live, your family size and composition, your age, your gender, your ethnicity, your marital status, your education level and that of your family, your occupation and the occupations of your family members. 'Calories in, Calories out' Does It Really Matter? - Healthline Individuals who lost 5 percent of their body weight over the course of four years were more likely to feel depressed . 4 Potent Ways to Deepen Love and Intimacy. It affects perceptions of health, illness and death, beliefs about causes of disease, approaches to health promotion, how illness and pain are experienced and expressed, where patients seek help, and the types of treatment patients prefer. The types of foods you choose, how you prepare them, the seasonings you add, when you eat, how much you eat, and how much you think you should weigh, can all have great social meaning if you strongly identify with your culture. What are the implications of race/ethnicity on the prevention of childhood obesity? Even in some developing countries, where undernutrition has traditionally been one of the major health concerns in children, overweight and obesity are now more prevalent. Culture, unlike instinct, is learned; is distributed within a group in that not everyone possesses the same knowledge, attitudes, or practices; enables us to communicate with one another and behave in ways that are mutually interpretable; and exists in a social setting. Dabelea D, Hanson RL, Bennett PH, Roumain J, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ: Increasing prevalence of type II diabetes in American Indian children. Alpha/Psychology Today Here to Help. French SA, Story M, Jeffery RW: Environmental influences on eating and physical activity. Weight loss can be achieved through a variety of modalities, but long-term maintenance of lost weight is much more challenging. Allen ML, Elliott MN, Morales LS, Diamant AL, Hambarsoomian K, Schuster MA: Adolescent participation in preventive health behaviors, physical activity, and nutrition: differences across immigrant generations for Asians and Latinos compared with Whites. Bruss MB, Morris JR, Dannison LL, Orbe MP, Quitugua JA, Palacios RT: Food, culture, and family: exploring the coordinated management of meaning regarding childhood obesity. Adair LS, Gordon-Larsen P: Maturational timing and overweight prevalence in US adolescent girls. The "calories in versus calories out" model fails to take this into account, reducing its relevance when it comes to your health. Obesity interventions typically result in early rapid weight loss followed by a weight plateau and progressive regain. Marketing strategies for food often target specific ethnic groups. Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC. For instance, non-Hispanic white mothers dietary restraint or their perceptions of their daughters risk of overweight can influence their young daughters weight and dieting behaviors (47). Is It a Mistake to Exercise for Weight Loss? Prevalence and change of central obesity among US Asian adults: NHANES 20112014. Obesity rates in American adults are highest in African Americans, followed by Hispanics/Latinos, then Caucasians. This is true for men and women.4 While Asian American men and women have the lowest rates of obesity,4 they can still be at risk of diseases associated with obesity if they carry a lot of unhealthy fat in their abdomeneven when their body mass index (BMI) is lower.5. Stress has a direct effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in elevation of plasma cortisol, which has been implicated in the development of obesity (29). Health behaviors of the individual (inner oval) are influenced by interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy domains represented by the progressively larger ovals. (59) found that both obese African American girls and their female caregivers were unaware of the potential health consequences associated with their current body size. [6] St-Onge MP. It is balanced, meaning that it provides your body with all the nutrients and minerals it needs to function best. Prevention of future obesity is yet another reason to assure that pregnant women have access to prenatal care, optimal nutrition, efforts to reduce prenatal stress, and counseling to avoid alcohol, drugs, and cigarettes. School is also an important social environment for youth and a major venue for interventions. Alpha/Psychology Today Here to Help. When the parameters are extended to include overweight children as well, the disparity persists. U.S. Department of Agriculture: The Thrifty Food Plan, 1999: revisions of the Markey Baskets. The model may offer new insights for addressing childhood obesity. All rights reserved.). We also need to determine how to effectively deliver the appropriate care, including ways to tailor behavioral interventions to suit an individual's culture and environment. Resisting Diet Culture When you see someone pathologizing fat bodies, you can explain that there are healthy and unhealthy people of every shape and size, and that adding healthism to sizeism is not a good look. Providers should offer anticipatory guidance and give specific information about the health benefits of physical activity and good nutrition and how to diminish sedentary behavior. Decreased life expectancy rates because of obesity-related conditions. 1. More than one-third of children and adolescents in the United States are overweight or obese. It has increased in both sexes and in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. The weight control evidence is stronger for whole grains than it is for fruits and vegetables. African Americans also have lower levels of adiponectin than white subjects during childhood and adolescence, which may help explain their increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease despite having less visceral adiposity (38). We need more systematic study of biological factors that may differ among racial/ethnic groups and whether these biological changes have a direct effect on obesity development through changes in energy balance.

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