where is himalaya located in which state

It is the single highest mountain that is completely located within the borders of only one country. [17] They and their rulers, except Bushahr, remained more or less inactive. the 10/12 Board [41], Planning in Himachal Pradesh started in 1951 along with the rest of India with the implementation of the first five-year plan. This National Park is a trail to many hikers and trekkers too. In the middle of the great curve of the Himalayan mountains lie the 8,000m (26,000ft) peaks of Dhaulagiri and Annapurna in Nepal, separated by the Kali Gandaki Gorge. Apple is the principal cash crop of the state grown principally in the districts of Shimla, Kinnaur, Kullu, Mandi, Chamba and some parts of Sirmaur and Lahaul-Spiti with an average annual production of five lakh tonnes and per hectare production of 8 to 10 tonnes. This article is about a mountain range. (ed.) [55] One of the Indian government's key initiatives to tackle unemployment is the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). Thus, the climate was at least 7.0 to 8.3C (12.6 to 14.9F) colder than it is today.[25]. Its height is 8, 167 metres. The critically endangered Himalayan subspecies of the brown bear is found sporadically across the range, as is the Asian black bear. [17] The British gradually emerged as the paramount power in the region. They say that this is a way the Gods show their blessings. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Great-Himalayas. Where Are The Himalayas Located [29] A marked acceleration in glacial mass loss has also been observed since 1975, from about 5-13 Gt/yr to 16-24 Gt/yr. Local climate is also affected by the topography: The leeward side of the mountains receive less rain while the well-exposed slopes get heavy rainfall and the rain shadow of large mountains can be significant, for example, leading to near desert conditions in the Upper Mustang, which is sheltered from the monsoon rains by the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri massifs and has annual precipitation of around 300mm (12in), while Pokhara on the southern side of the massifs has substantial rainfall (3,900mm or 150in a year). Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Some portion of the Himalayas, such as the Kaghan Valley, Margalla Hills, and Galyat tract, extend into the Pakistani provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. The Himalayas have a profound effect on the climate of the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau. During the Upper Cretaceous, about 70million years ago, the north-moving Indo-Australian Plate (which has subsequently broken into the Indian Plate and the Australian Plate[19]) was moving at about 15cm (5.9in) per year. [54][42], At high altitudes, the elusive and previously endangered snow leopard is the main predator. There are a variety of festivals celebrated by the locals of Himachal Pradesh who worship gods and goddesses. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The drainage system of Himachal is composed both of rivers and glaciers. Covering an area of 55,673 square kilometres (21,495sqmi),[3] it is a mountainous state. MBA is a two year master degree program for students who want to gain the confidence to lead boldly and challenge conventional thinking in the global marketplace. [62] Different parts of the plants root, flower, stem, leaves, and bark are used as remedies for different ailments. Kala, C.P. The legislature consists of elected members and special office bearers such as the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker who are elected by the members. The Kingdom of Gorkha conquered many kingdoms and came to power in Nepal in 1768. [33][34] For example, glacial lakes have been forming rapidly on the surface of debris-covered glaciers in the Bhutan Himalaya during the last few decades. Some of the world's major rivers, the Indus, the Ganges, and the TsangpoBrahmaputra, rise in the vicinity of the Himalayas, and their combined drainage basin is home to some 600 million people; 53 million people live in the Himalayas. Finally, since 1970s glaciers have retreated everywhere in the region beside Karakoram, eastern Pamir, and western Kunlun, where there has been an unexpected increase in snowfall. Complete answer: [60] The Himalayas are also considered to be the father of Ganga (the personification of river Ganges). Narkanda located in at an altitude of around 8850 feet is known for its apple orchards. Comments A major new assessment report released today reveals the changes to the glaciers, snow and permafrost of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region WebThe Eastern Himalayas extend from eastern Nepal across Northeast India, Bhutan, the Tibet Autonomous Region to Yunnan in China and northern Myanmar. Hill stations like Shimla, Manali, Dharamshala, Dalhousie, Chamba, Khajjiar, Kullu and Kasauli are popular destinations for both domestic and foreign tourists. In parts of the state there are speakers of Tibeto-Burman languages like Kinnauri (1.2%), Tibetan (0.3%), LahuliSpiti languages (0.16%), Pattani (0.12%), Bhoti Kinnauri, Chitkuli Kinnauri, Bunan (or Gahri), Jangshung, Kanashi, Shumcho, Spiti Bhoti, Sunam, Tinani, and Tukpa. (2000) Status and conservation of rare and endangered medicinal plants in the Indian trans-Himalaya. My childs preference to complete Grade 12 from Perfect E Learn was almost similar to other children. Its eastern anchor, Namcha Barwa, lies immediately west of the great bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. The summits of severalKangchenjunga (from the Indian side), Gangkhar Puensum, Machapuchare, Nanda Devi, and Kailas in the Tibetan Transhimalayaare off-limits to climbers. The state was declared India's second open-defecation-free state in 2016. The Hindu Kush Himalaya stretches 3,500 km (2,175 miles) across Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. I was already a teacher by profession and I was searching for some B.Ed. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Plants from the forests have been used for millennia to treat conditions ranging from simple coughs to snake bites. Himalayas It also forms a barrier for the monsoon winds, keeping them from traveling northwards, and causing heavy rainfall in the Terai region. [63] The Muktinath is also a place of pilgrimage for the Tibetan Buddhists. Map showing the location of the Himalayas. They consider the saligrams to be representatives of the Tibetan serpent deity known as Gawo Jagpa. [13] According to a survey of CMS-India Corruption Study in 2017, Himachal Pradesh is India's least corrupt state. Universal suffrage is granted to residents. The range varies in width from 350km (220mi) in the west to 150km (93mi) in the east.[7]. [22][23] In the west, the glaciers joined with the ice stream network in the Karakoram, and in the north, they joined with the former Tibetan inland ice. One is the Kalka-Shimla Railway, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and another is the Kangra Valley Railway. By extension, it is also the name of the massive mountain system which includes the Himalaya proper, the Karakoram, the Hindu Kush, and a host of minor ranges extending from the Pamir Knot. [135], The state government has played an instrumental role in the rise of literacy in the state by spending a significant proportion of the state's GDP on education. As of 2002, the IHR is undergoing large scale irrational extraction of wild, medicinal herbs, thus endangering many of its high-value gene stock. [92] Some roads are closed during winter and monsoon seasons due to snow and landslides. [133] In addition, school enrolment and participation rates for girls are almost universal at the primary level. Impact of Himalayas in culture and lifestyle What are the major rivers that flow from the Himalayas? The Beas river flows though the Kullu and the Kangra Valleys, with tributary Parvati forming the Parvati Valley. The ranges total length is some 1,400 miles (2,300 km), and it has an average elevation of more than 20,000 feet (6,100 metres). The Himalayas themselves stretch uninterruptedly for about 1,550 miles (2,500 km) from west to east between Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet [8,126 metres]), in the Pakistani-administered portion of the Kashmir region, and Namjagbarwa ( Namcha Barwa) Peak (25,445 feet [7,756 metres]), in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The mountainous areas of Hindu Kush range are mostly barren or at the most sparsely sprinkled with trees and stunted bushes. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Himachal Pradesh is also known as Dev Bhoomi, meaning 'Land of Gods'[10] and Veer Bhoomi which means 'Land of the Brave'.[11]. The Himalayan range is one of the youngest mountain ranges on the planet and consists mostly of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock. In the assembly elections held in November 2022, the Indian National Congress secured an absolute majority, winning 40 of the 68 seats while the BJP won only 25 of the 68 seats. What are the major rivers in the Himalayas? [68] The tea received geographical indication status in 2005. WebExplore Himalayas in Google Earth. [17] Several hill states acknowledged Mughal suzerainty and paid regular tribute to the Mughals.[18]. Great Himalayas, also called Higher Himalayas or Great Himalaya Range, highest and northernmost section of the Himalayan mountain ranges. Four eight-thousanders can be seen, Makalu (8,462 m), Everest (8,848 m), Cho Oyu (8,201 m), and Lhotse (8,516 m). WebCoordinates: 2759N 8655E The Himalayas, or Himalaya ( / hmle., hmlj /; Sanskrit: [malj]; from Sanskrit him 'snow, frost', and -laya 'dwelling, abode'), [3] is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Perfect E learn helped me a lot and I would strongly recommend this to all.. [65] According to the provisional estimates of Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, the annual apple production in Himachal for fiscal 201516 stood at 753,000 tonnes, making it India's second-largest apple-producing state after Jammu and Kashmir. The Himalayas include the highest mountains in the world, and are known for their soaring heights, steep-sided jagged peaks, valleys, and alpine glaciers, deep river gorges, and a series of elevational belts that display different ecological associations of flora, fauna, and climate. After a brief period of supremacy by King Harshavardhana, the region was divided into several local powers headed by chieftains, including some Rajputs principalities. Omissions? Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Since ancient times the vast glaciated heights have attracted the attention of the pilgrim mountaineers of India, who coined the Sanskrit name Himalayafrom hima (snow) and alaya (abode)for that great mountain system. [28] Some even refer to this region as the "Third Pole. Weather and Climate of the Himalayas How were the Himalayan mountains formed? South of the main range, the lakes are smaller. Developing a conducive digital environment where students can pursue their 10/12 level, degree and post graduate programs from the comfort of their homes even if they are attending a regular course at college/school or working. The gorge splits the Himalayas into Western and Eastern sections, both ecologically and orographically the pass at the head of the Kali Gandaki, the Kora La, is the lowest point on the ridgeline between Everest and K2 (the highest peak of the Karakoram range). [100] Kangra District was top-ranked with a population strength of 1,507,223 (21.98%), Mandi District 999,518 (14.58%), Shimla District 813,384 (11.86%), Solan District 576,670 (8.41%), Sirmaur District 530,164 (7.73%), Una District 521,057 (7.60%), Chamba District 518,844 (7.57%), Hamirpur district 454,293 (6.63%), Kullu District 437,474 (6.38%), Bilaspur district 382,056 (5.57%), Kinnaur District 84,298 (1.23%) and Lahaul Spiti 31,528 (0.46%). Climate change will also lead to the degradation of up to 81% of the region's permafrost by the end of the century. The only broad-gauge railway line in the whole state connects Amb AndauraUna Himachal railway station to Nangal Dam in Punjab and runs all the way to Daulatpur, Himachal Pradesh. Dhaulagiri lies in which country?a. Nepal b. Indiac. Bhutand. Geography of the Himalayas Himachal became the 18th state of the Indian Union with Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar as its first chief minister. WebThe Himalayas, also Himalaya, are a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Legislative Assembly is appointed as the Chief Minister by the governor, and the Council of Ministers are appointed by the governor on the advice of the Chief Minister. Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh. It is located between the river valleys of Giri and Sutlej.[84]. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [82] There approximately 6000 temples in Himachal Pradesh with a known one being Bijli Mahadev. [50], In the future, if the Paris Agreement goal of 1.5C of global warming is not exceeded, warming in the HKH will be at least 0.3C higher, and at least 0.7C higher in the hotspots of northwest Himalaya and Karakoram. [58][59] Pulses, fruits, vegetables and oilseeds are among the other crops grown in the state. [43] From north to south, the mountains cover more than eight degrees of latitude, spanning temperate to subtropical zones. Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs. The state of Himachal Pradesh is divided into 12 districts[41] which are grouped into three divisions, Shimla, Kangra and Mandi. 'king of snow') or Parvateshwara (Sanskrit: , lit. Other epithets include Himaraja (Sanskrit: , lit. [37] It is one of the rarest living pheasants in the world. What are the physical features of the Himalayas? Paro Taktsang is the holy place where Buddhism started in Bhutan. [4] The Himalayan range is bordered on the northwest by the Karakoram and Hindu Kush ranges, on the north by the Tibetan Plateau, and on the south by the Indo-Gangetic Plain. [43] The colder air of Central Asia is prevented from blowing down into South Asia by the physical configuration of the Himalayas. Himalayas This is not so much the rain of the summer months as the wind that carries the rain. The total route length of the operational railway network in the state is 296.26 kilometres (184.09mi). [44] As the temperature is directly proportional to received radiation from the sun, the faces that receive more direct sunlight also have a greater heat buildup. The Himalayan region is dotted with hundreds of lakes. A number of Vajrayana Buddhist sites are situated in the Himalayas, in Tibet, Bhutan, and in the Indian regions of Ladakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Spiti, and Darjeeling. [71] Himachal's hydro-electric power production is, however, yet to be fully utilised. of 1950). HIMALAYAS All the courses are of global standards and recognized by competent authorities, thus 5490 m. A list of important mountain passes located in the state of Rajasthan is given below: Mountain Passes. Himachal is known for its narrow-gauge railways. Kanchenjunga lies in which country?A. NepalB. BhutanC. [122] Local music and dance also reflect the cultural identity of the state. WebAfghanistan. The intensity of the southwest monsoon diminishes as it moves westward along the range, with as much as 2,030mm (80in) of rainfall in the monsoon season in Darjeeling in the east, compared to only 975mm (38.4in) during the same period in Shimla in the west.[45][46]. Further west, the Himalayas form much of the disputed Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir where lie the mountainous Jammu region and the renowned Kashmir Valley with the town and lakes of Srinagar. [33][34][35][36] The state also has 30 wildlife sanctuaries and 3 conservation reserves. [136] The Rashtriya Madhayamic Shiksha Abhiyan launched in 2009, is a similar scheme but focuses on improving access to quality secondary education. The mountains high peaks rise into the zone of perpetual snow. [54], Himachal Pradesh also ranks as the second-best performing state in the country on human development indicators after Kerala. [44] In the winter, a high-pressure system forms and remains suspended above Central Asia, forcing air to flow in the southerly direction over the Himalayas. [70] The income generated from exporting the electricity to other states is being provided as subsidy to the consumers in the state. The Himalayas are bordered to the northwest by the mountain ranges of the Hindu Kush and the Karakoram and to the north by the high and vast Plateau of Tibet. Bhutan. The Himalayas Owing to the mountains' latitude near the Tropic of Cancer, the permanent snow line is among the highest in the world, at typically around 5,500m (18,000ft). test, which makes it an ideal choice for Indians residing [128] The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is another HP government initiative that not only aims for universal elementary education but also encourages communities to engage in the management of schools. [6] Its western anchor, Nanga Parbat, lies just south of the northernmost bend of the Indus river. The Himalayas [123][124] The Kullu Dussehra, Minjar mela and Mahashivratri Mandi festival is nationally known. Himachal Pradesh provides water to both the Indus and Ganges basins. [38], Some of the lakes present the danger of a glacial lake outburst flood. Towards the aim, Perfect E learn has already carved out a niche for itself in India and GCC countries as an online class provider at reasonable cost, serving hundreds of students. The region also has some of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in the world. The Himalayas include the highest mountains in the world, with more than 110 peaks rising to elevations of 24,000 feet (7,300 metres) or more above sea level. More than 95% of the total population adheres to the Hindu faith and majorly follows Shaivism and Shaktism traditions,[110] the distribution of which is evenly spread throughout the state. 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Ltd, Shimla", "The Himachali cap: Culture, legacy and heritage", "Cap likely on 'cap politics' in Himachal Pradesh", "PM Modi's cap in Israel takes political hue in Himachal", "Prem Kumar Dhumal, Virbhadra Singh: Tale of two captains, their wins and losses", "Fair Festivals and Events of Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Pradesh Development Report: Chapter 7 Education", "In Himachal, where 90 per cent people live in villages, female literacy rate touches 80 per cent", "Factual source on Education in Himachal", "Educational Profile of Himachal Pradesh", "Himachal Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan & Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan", Statistics and Data, Planning Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh, The Official Tourism Site of Himachal Pradesh, India, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Himachal_Pradesh&oldid=1162147133, States and territories established in 1971, Punjabi-speaking countries and territories, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Encyclopdia Britannica links, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, 23,000.43 MW in five rivers basins, i.e., Yamuna, Satluj, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Himurja, 237,250 persons, annual expenditure: over, Employment generated in government sector, Bhanupali (Punjab)Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, This page was last edited on 27 June 2023, at 07:51.

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